Parathyroid Hypofunction
What Does It Mean?
Parathyroid Hypofunction, or hypoparathyroidism, is a condition in which the body produces abnormally low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). This results in disrupted calcium and phosphorus balance, leading to neuromuscular dysfunction, bone density issues, and metabolic disturbances.
How Did We Get There?
Root Causes
- Deficient Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Production – Leads to reduced calcium absorption and impaired bone remodeling.
- Autoimmune or Post-Surgical Dysfunction – Damage to the parathyroid glands following thyroid surgery or autoimmune destruction.
- Magnesium Deficiency – Essential for PTH secretion; low magnesium levels can contribute to hypoparathyroidism.
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) – Can impair the regulation of calcium and phosphorus balance.
- Endocrine Dysregulation – Associated with metabolic disorders affecting mineral homeostasis.
Signs & Symptoms
- Hypocalcemia (low calcium levels), leading to muscle cramps and spasms
- Paresthesia (numbness or tingling in hands, feet, or lips)
- Tetany (involuntary muscle contractions)
- Fatigue and cognitive dysfunction (“brain fog”)
- Brittle nails, dry skin, and hair thinning
- Mood disturbances, including anxiety or depression
Diagnostic Criteria
Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and lab markers assessing calcium and phosphorus levels.
Lab Test Findings
| Lab Test Name | Expected Change | Optimal Range |
| Calcium | Decreased | 8.90-9.50 mg/dL |
| Phosphorus (Phosphate) | Increased | 3.00-4.00 mg/dL |
How Do We Treat It?
Functional Medicine Approach
Parathyroid Hypofunction is primarily managed through endocrine specialist intervention. However, a functional medicine approach can support calcium metabolism, optimize mineral absorption, and address underlying deficiencies.
Supplement Protocol
| Refer to Endocrinologist | Given the complexity of parathyroid disorders, direct endocrine consultation is recommended for appropriate intervention. | As directed |
Additional Lifestyle Interventions:
- Calcium & Magnesium Support – Ensure adequate intake of calcium and magnesium for neuromuscular function and bone health.
- Vitamin D Optimization – Maintain sufficient vitamin D levels to enhance calcium absorption and balance phosphorus levels.
- Electrolyte & Hydration Balance – Ensure proper hydration and mineral intake to support metabolic function.
- Dietary Modifications – Increase consumption of leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and other mineral-rich foods to optimize calcium and phosphorus ratios.